They're geared to turn six year olds into professional musicians by around 22.
The usual path is by private musics lessons after school or by being pulled out of class. This requires discipline, with a minimum of 20 minutes daily practice (at the beginning) going up to 90 minutes+ daily to pass a higher exam. That lasts for around 12 years till you finish secondary school. You might also be in a band or an orchestra. At 18, you go off to the Conservatory of Music for an undergraduate degree in performance. The people I know completing performance degrees play for a minimum of four hours daily, and up to eight hours daily.
This is necessary because, for the past couple of hundred years, musicians and composers have been pushing the boundaries of human limitation in much the same way that athletes have. Lots of people can run a 4 minute mile nowadays, but that doesn't mean you'll quality for the Olympics, let alone win anything. It's similar in the worlds of Ballet and Opera. Everybody has to be better, today, than almost anybody could be 50 or 100 years ago.
It's bad enough that people emerge from such an education, only to find that there aren't enough jobs, and are branded failures for being technically more proficient than many of their teachers. I have met people sent away by their music teacher because they're deemed not talented enough, or not disciplined enough to bother with. At the age of 8!
Where is the place of the amateur musician? The musician who plays for love. Who wants to grow and develop in skill, but not slave away in a vocational sense? Such an amateur is often graciously "allowed" to continue with lessons, usually in the "appreciation" or "leisure" stream. Well and good. (This stream attracts the same prestige for the teacher as Remedial Mathematics does when compared to Calculus.)
I hope that such amateurs are not always treated as second class citizens who have failed to make the grade, because without them, playing music - not just listening to it - will become as esoteric as singing opera.
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Hi, me again. In a similar vein, this article measures the changes in ballet poses, seemingly pushed by audience preferences. http://scienceblogs.com/notrocketscience/2009/03/ballet_postures_have_become_more_extreme_over_time.php
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